Answer to Dictation Listen & Write Exercise

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Below you will find the full transcript and audio recording for the dictation lesson about “Disaster Management”.

If you haven’t completed this lesson yet, please do so before looking at the answers below. Click here: Listen & Write Lesson

Audio Recording

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Transcript

Strengthening community capacity to prevent and cope with the impact of disasters is a valuable way to save lives and better protect livelihoods as well as prevent such shocks from crippling development within the poorest countries. Early warning and early action are more cost effective than traditional disaster responses and save more lives per pound spent. In other words, public money has four times as much humanitarian impact if spending on preparation and risk reduction rather than on relief items.

Review

It is important that you check what type of errors you are making having completed this lesson.

  1. Punctuation – did you overuse commas or did you miss them out? Did you notice when sentences ended and a new one began?
  2. Spelling – did you spell all words correctly?
  3. Grammar – below are three common grammar mistakes:
    1. articles (a/the = , the impact, the poorest countries
    2. plural nouns (livelihoods,
    3. verb agreement (is /are save/ saves)

If you need help with grammar, consider getting my Grammar E-book. Click below:

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IELTS Speaking: I don’t understand the question. Advice & Tips

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In the IELTS Speaking test, can you say “I don’t understand, can you repeat that please?” to the examiner. Will you get a lower score if you say that?

It is not uncommon that you might not understand a question that the examiner asks. Or you might not have heard the question properly so you want the question repeated. What is the best way to tackle this situation?

Can I ask the examiner to repeat the question?

Yes, it’s 100% ok to ask for the question to be repeated. See this page: Asking the Examiner Questions for more information about asking the examiner questions during the test.

Will I get a low score if I say “I don’t understand” in IELTS Speaking?

In IELTS Speaking, you are not marked on your ability to understand a question. You are only marked on:

  • Fluency & Coherence 
  • Grammar
  • Vocabulary
  • Pronunciation

Each of those marking criterion are worth 25% of your speaking marks. As you can see, understanding or being on topic are not marked. This means if you don’t understand a question or you misunderstand a question, you won’t get marked down.  So, feel free to ask for the question to be repeated.

However, do I recommend that you say “I don’t understand“?  No, I don’t recommend you say it. It is never a good idea to show that you struggled to understand something in English during an English language test.

What can I do if I don’t understand a question in IELTS Speaking?

The best way to deal with a question you don’t understand is to simply ask for the examiner to repeat it without saying that you don’t understand. For example:

Could you repeat that, please?

Saying this simple line is clear and direct. It doesn’t show your lack of understanding. It is polite and appropriate for the IELTS Speaking test.

Other similar options are:

  • Sorry, could you say that again, please?
  • Sorry, I missed that. Could you repeat the question, please?

You can also say:

Sorry, I didn’t quite hear you. Could you say that again more clearly?

Sorry, I didn’t quite hear the question. Could you say that again more slowly?

Sorry, what did you say? Could you say that again more loudly?

Alternatively, you could say:

Sorry, I didn’t catch that. Could you repeat that, please?

I didn’t quite catch what you said. Could you repeat that, please?

This is a great way to ask for the question to be repeated because it uses idiomatic language which will boost your score. “to catch something that was said” is idiomatic language.  However, don’t say this repeatedly. Try to be flexible with the language you use when you ask for the question to be repeated. Each word you say while the recording is on will be marked.

Be Prepared

It is important that you rehearse these responses so that when you don’t understand something, you are ready with a variety of possible responses to deal with the situation. This will give you confidence in the test and show the examiner a range of language for dealing with misunderstandings. These are things which will help your score.

Can you ask for the question to be explained?

The answer to this question is Yes and No. Let me explain…

In part 1, the examiner is not allowed to explain the question to you. So, in part 1, you can only ask for the question to be repeated. 

In part 2, the examiner cannot explain the cue card to you. You must do your best to understand the main topic and follow the prompts as best you can.

In part 3, the discussion, it is fine to ask the question to explain what they mean. The examiner will say the question again using different words so that you can understand more easily. You could say “Sorry, could you explain what you mean?” This won’t affect your score, but try not to say too often.

I hope you have found this page useful. I always thinking that the more you are prepared for IELTS and the more you understand about the test, the better your chances of success. For more tips and free lessons relating to IELTS speaking, click here: Free IELTS Speaking Tips

All the best

Liz 🙂

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Answers to Listening Practice: Superbug

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Below are the answers to the practice listening lesson about Superbugs. If you haven’t completed that lesson yet, please do so before looking at the answers. To do the lesson, click here: Superbug Listening Practice Lesson

Transcript

By listening to the transcript you can check your answers and also improve your pronunciation. The recording is given below.

Transcript: When we think of animal species that are exceptionally strong, we usually think of large animals such as the elephant or rhino. These are formidable mammals that from their size are clearly so much stronger that we are. However, when it comes to strength in relation to size, we need to look at insects and in particular ants and beetles.

The leafcutter ant can carry over 20 times its own body weight in its jaws, which are known as mandibles. When they come across a leaf that is too heavy for them to carry, they cut the leaf into more manageable fragments. If we compare this to human strength it is similar to a human being lifting a truck with their teeth.

Ants are interesting for many reasons. They had already emerged about 90 million years ago at the time of the dinosaurs. Much later on, their numbers seem to grow as they developed into organised societies or as we know them, colonies. They now represent about 15% of this planet’s biomass.

However, the dung beetle is even more remarkable for its strength in relation to body weight. The dung beetle can pull weights which are in excess of 1,000 times their own body weight. If we translate this into human strength. It is like one person pulling six double-decker buses.

Unlike many insect or animal species, the dung beetle inhabits a range of habitats and can be found in most places on the planet. Their communication techniques mainly seem to focus on acoustic vibration. They are also great recyclers and play an important part in processing waste. For example, it is said that in parts of Texas, dung beetles are responsible for burying 80% of cattle excrement.

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Answers

  1. ELEPHANT  RHINO
  2. 20 TIMES
  3. DINOSAURS
  4. COLONIES
  5. 15%
  6. 6 DOUBLE-DECKER BUSES
  7. (ACOUSTIC) VIBRATION
  8. 80%
  9. FORMIDABLE
  10. FRAGMENTS
  11. TRUCK
  12. ACOUSTIC
  13. EXCREMENT

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Listening Practice: Superbugs

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This practice listening lesson is based on Short Answer Questions which appear in the IELTS Listening Test. I’ve also included some vocabulary questions to test your word knowledge. Vocabulary questions do not appear in the Listening Test but I thought they might be useful for you.

Short Answer Question Tips

  1. be aware of the type of answer you are listening for: number, date, name, place, noun etc.
  2. underline any word in the question that might help you recognise the information when it is given.
  3. be aware of possible paraphrases when you read the question
  4. pay attention to the word count for the answer
  5. get the answer from the recording – you need the precise word or words
  6. the answers come in order

IELTS Listening Practice: Short Answer Questions

Superbugs Listening 

Questions 1-8: Answers should be no more than two words and/or a number. 

  1. Which mammals are often considered to be the strongest? 
  2. How much weight in comparison to their body’s weight can a leaf-cutter ant pull? 
  3. What animal was present on Earth when ants emerged? 
  4. What are ant societies called?
  5. How much of the Earth’s biomass do ants make up? 
  6. A dung beetle can pull the equivalent to what as a human being? 
  7. What type of sound do dung beetles mostly use as communication? 
  8. How much cattle dung are dung beetles thought to bury in some areas of Texas? 

Recording:

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Vocabulary Focus Questions

Questions 9-13

Now listen again to the recording and find synonyms for the words below. One word answers only. Answers come in order. Remember, these types of questions don’t appear in the IELTS test – they are extra questions to help you improve your vocab.

  • 9. impressive
  • 10. pieces
  • 11. lorry
  • 12. audial 
  • 13. waste

TRANSCRIPT & ANSWERS

Use the transcript first to check your answers so you can analyse the language and spot keywords. You can also use my transcripts to improve your pronunciation by listening and repeating. After that, check the answer key.

Click below:

Transcript

Transcript: When we think of animal species that are exceptionally strong, we usually think of large animals such as the elephant or rhino. These are formidable mammals that from their size are clearly so much stronger that we are. However, when it comes to strength in relation to size, we need to look at insects and in particular ants and beetles.

The leafcutter ant can carry over 20 times its own body weight in its jaws, which are known as mandibles. When they come across a leaf that is too heavy for them to carry, they cut the leaf into more manageable fragments. If we compare this to human strength it is similar to a human being lifting a truck with their teeth.

Ants are interesting for many reasons. They had already emerged about 90 million years ago at the time of the dinosaurs. Much later on, their numbers seem to grow as they developed into organised societies or as we know them, colonies. They now represent about 15% of this planet’s biomass.

However, the dung beetle is even more remarkable for its strength in relation to body weight. The dung beetle can pull weights which are in excess of 1,000 times their own body weight. If we translate this into human strength. It is like one person pulling six double-decker buses.

Unlike many insect or animal species, the dung beetle inhabits a range of habitats and can be found in most places on the planet. Their communication techniques mainly seem to focus on acoustic vibration. They are also great recyclers and play an important part in processing waste. For example, it is said that in parts of Texas, dung beetles are responsible for burying 80% of cattle excrement.

 Answers
  1. ELEPHANT  RHINO
  2. 20 TIMES
  3. DINOSAURS
  4. COLONIES
  5. 15%
  6. 6 DOUBLE-DECKER BUSES
  7. (ACOUSTIC) VIBRATION
  8. 80%
  9. FORMIDABLE
  10. FRAGMENTS
  11. TRUCK
  12. ACOUSTIC
  13. EXCREMENT

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IELTS Essay Topics for 2021

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Below is a list of predicted IELTS essay topics for Writing Task 2 based on topics that have appeared recently, current world events and common topics that frequently appear in IELTS essays. Both GT and Academic IELTS candidates should prepare all topics from this list.

On this page, you will find:

  1. Tips for Preparing Essays
  2. Essay Topics 2021 List
  3. Message from Liz

IELTS Essay Topics – Preparing Ideas

  • Be aware of the range of possible topics and prepare them all. Be aware of current world issues – IELTS likes to stay up-to-date.
  • Prepare strong main ideas for all topics. Main ideas should be ones you can easily explain and develop. 
  • Prepare supporting points. These make up the supporting sentences in your body paragraphs. The examiner will mark these carefully.
  • Practice planning paragraphing and links. See these pages:  paragraphing and Linking Words for Essays
  • Getting ideas for topics
    • Source ideas in model essays online by google topics. You can find some model essays and free tips on this site. Click here: Free Model Essays etc
    • IDEAS E-BOOK. I wrote an e-book covering 150 essay topics with ideas and vocabulary. Get that if you need the help. Visit my store: Liz’s Ideas E-book
  • Target 7 and above. If you need more help reaching your goal for IELTS writing, I have Advanced Writing Task 2 Lessons in my online store: Liz’s Store.

IELTS Essay Topics for 2021

Below is a list of predicted IELTS writing task 2 topics for 2021. The predictions are based on recurring essay topics, recent topics and world events which are all important in IELTS essay questions. The topics are not written as full IELTS essay questions, they are written as topics without the instructions. GT and Academic candidates should prepare all topics – even if you don’t get them in Writing Task 2, you might get them in Speaking Part 3. I’ve highlighted interesting essay topics for 2021 that are based on recent world issues that you might struggle with if you don’t prepare for them. Also note, topics change with each test, on one test day there can be a number of essay questions used, and essay topics are often recycled.

  1. Art and the Arts
    • importance of the arts for society
    • supporting the arts – government funding 
    • theatre and live events
    • freedom of speech and freedom of expression
    • children learning art 
    • museums and galleries – importance
  2. Business and Consumerism
    • local business vs international businesses
    • supporting local businesses – buying local produce
    • business skills – important skills / learning skills
    • family run businesses
    • buying goods or saving money
    • the power of advertising in business
    • shopping online
    • businesses supporting local communities
  3. Communication
    • how online communication has changed our lives
    • are people becoming more isolated because of only meeting online
    • face to face or online communication
    • pros and cons of meeting people online
    • has the internet brought people closer or not
  4. Crime & Punishment
    • how to stop criminals re-offending
    • fixed punishment for one crime or not
    • children – should parents be punished for their children’s crime
    • prison or rehabilitation
  5. Culture
    • foreign cultures – learning through language, learning by travel, adapting to another culture
    • music – importance of music, international music
    • fashion – following trends and spending money
    • films – should historical films be accurate, learning about culture from films, foreign films, subtitles
    • how online media has changed local cultures
  6. Environment
    • global warming
    • solving pollution – internationally or domestically
    • major problems and solutions
    • importance of nature for our well being
    • responsibility for problems – government or individual
    • urban nature 
    • protecting wild species / endangered species – funding, reasons,
    • why people don’t change their life styles to help environmental problems
    • air / noise pollution in cities
  7.  Education
    • putting children into groups based on age or ability
    • importance of children reading books (types of books)
    • science or art / sciences or music
    • how children learn 
    • schools providing meals for children
    • making lessons more interesting
    • importance of science / history / technology in schools
    • disadvantages for children from poorer backgrounds
    • how to improve education in rural areas
    • what age to learn a foreign language
    • exams or on-going assessment / project work
    • university education – costs, funding, courses
    • home schooling / studying from home
    • online education
    • extra curricular activities
  8.  Family
    • single parent families
    • importance of family for old people
    • roles of grandparents
    • supporting vulnerable members of the family: elderly, sick
    • peer pressure for children
    • children growing up in city or countryside
    • children with both parents working
  9. Food
    • childhood obesity – reasons, solutions
    • healthy diet
    • vegetarianism
    • junk food – problems, solutions
    • snacking
  10.  Health
    • funding – prevention or cure 
    • taking care of sick people – government or family
    • funding – health care or other society problems
    • good health – exercise or diet
    • free health care for everyone
    • cosmetic surgery – reasons, value
    • mental health – stress, positive mindset, meditation
  11.  Housing
    • lack of housing – building in cities or rural areas
    • using space in cities for housing or parks
    • funding affordable housing or other problems in society
    • living in flats – pros and cons
  12. Leisure & Free Time
    • importance of hobbies / free time
    • leisure time – importance, activities,
    • spending time with family and friends
  13. People
    • leadership – innate or learned
    • talent – innate or learned
    • ambition – pros and cons
    • important character traits
    • famous world leaders – skills and traits
  14.  Society
    • family, society or government – taking care of the elderly
    • the generation gap
    • city living – positive or negative
    • people moving to cities – reasons, problems, solution
    • spending money on weddings – pros and cons
    • respecting older people
    • traditions – food, clothing, festivals
    • protecting old buildings
    • isolation among people in society
    • supporting vulnerable people in society – government or community
    • roles models in society for children
    • ideal society
    • online media stars
    • reality TV stars
    • importance of charities and charity work
    • importance of green spaces and urban environment
  15. Space
    • exploration – funding, importance
    • communicating with other planets
    • space travel for common people
  16. Sport
    • international sporting event – importance
    • business sponsoring sporting events – pros and cons
    • exercising and health
    • children and sport – importance, who is responsible
    • indoor sports
  17. Technology
    • smart phones – pros and cons, functions, limitations
    • the internet – pros and cons
    • online security (also for children)
    • the future of the internet
    • e-books – pros and cons, libraries
    • children spending too much time online
  18. Tourism & Travel
    • plane travel vs train travel
    • cars in city centres – pros and cons
    • using bicycles rather than cars
    • walking – pros and cons
    • pros and cons of tourism for rural communities
    • tourism and economy
  19. Work
    • working mothers
    • doing volunteer work / charity work
    • work / life balance
    • working long hours – pros and cons
    • experience or education or skills
    • four day working week
    • importance of promotion, salary, job satisfaction
    • working online – pros and cons
    • earning large salaries – films stars, sports people doctors etc
  20. World Issues
    • richer countries should help poorer countries 
    • types of international aid
    • increasing number of old people
    • gap between rich and poor countries
    • violence on TV
    • tackling world issues domestically or internationally
    • news online – reliability of news, sources of news, fake news
    • globalisation
      • work
      • people becoming similar 
      • loss of culture (protecting traditions)
      • loss of local language (protecting language)
      • one language

Sharing your IELTS Writing Task 2 Experience

  • Did you get an essay topic you hadn’t prepared for?
  • What preparation tips do you have for others?
  • How did you manage your time in your writing test?
  • What score did you get in your writing test?
  • Sharing is caring 🙂 

Message from Liz

2021 is our chance to start fresh, to move forward and to build a strong future. Forget your difficult experiences and be proactive about your future. Each positive step forward takes you towards your goal and towards success. 

Be focused and strategic in your preparation for IELTS. You can find lots and lots of free lessons, tips, topics, model answers on this website – go to the HOME page to access it all.

I wish you all lots of luck !!

All the best, Liz 🙂

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Linking Words Practice 2020

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Linking words are an essential part of your IELTS Writing Task 2 essay and fall under the marking criterion of Coherence & Cohesion, which counts for 25% of your task 2 marks. This lesson will allow you to test yourself with the correct use of linking words.

The topic is about “Celebrities”. This topic has appeared a number of times in the IELTS Writing Task 2 this year and is guaranteed to appear in 2021 as well. It also frequently appears in the speaking test as well.

Instructions

Read the instructions below very carefully.

  1. Each question contains two sentences.
  2. Read carefully to understand the connection between the two sentences in terms of ideas and content.
  3. Choose the most appropriate linking word to join the two sentences.
  4. Each linking word can be used only once.
  5. Make necessary changes to the sentences to ensure the grammar is correct. It might not be enough to simply add the linking word. You might need to adapt the grammar.
  6. Pay attention to punctuation as well as grammar when you make changes to the sentences. 

Linking Words Practice

Questions 1-7

and     /     but     /     for     /     nor     /     or     /     so     /     yet

Choose one of the above linking words to join the sentences below.

1. Many famous athletes and pop stars donate generously to charities. Many others are just intent on increasing their own wealth.

2. Celebrities have moral shortcomings like everyone else. Many young people often idolise them.

3. Celebrities have tremendous influence over teenagers. They should behave responsibly.

4. Teenagers often idealise celebrities. We all need someone to look up to when we are young.

5. Some film and sports stars only aspire to fame. They dream of becoming famous fast.

6. Young people need positive role models. They will not be able to live with hope and honesty.

7. Celebrities should not be regarded as spiritual mentors. They should not be regarded as life coaches either.

Answers

The answers are now available for this lesson. Click below:

Click here: Answers to this Lesson

All the best

Liz

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Answers to Reading Lesson – News we can trust

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The answers to the reading lesson about “News we can trust”. If you haven’t completed this lesson yet, please do so before you look at the answers. To complete the lesson, click here: Reading Lesson

Below are the questions, answers and vocabulary focus for the lesson.

Questions 1 – 7: Complete the sentences using no more than three words from the passage above.

1. Trustworthy news is more important than ever because the world is going through a period of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and unpredictability.

2. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are the main source of news for most web users.

3. People often tend to choose the version that most agrees with _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ when they are offered differing accounts of an event.

4. Sharing unverified news stories with social media friends contributes to
the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of false information.

5. Objective investigative journalism can _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the spread of fake news.

6. Investigative reporters try to bring to light the relationship between
apparently _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ events.

7. Through their work, investigative reporters try to make it easier for us
to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the world in which we live.

Answers:

  1. UPHEAVALS
    1. the answer does not require the word “global” because this is already indicated in the sentence by the word “world”. Therefore the answer is just one word.
  2. SOCIAL MEDIA PLATFORMS (SOCIAL MEDIA)
    1. Both answers are possible.
    2. Note that brackets indicate other words or answers that are possible. Books often show answers in this way. However, you cannot use brackets for your listening answers. You must choose your answer and be specific.
    3. Note, one answer option has an “s” and the other does not.
  3. THEIR OWN VIEWS (THEIR VIEWS)
    1. Both answers are possible.
    2. The word “views” must be plural.
    3. You cannot paraphrase the answer. “Their thoughts” is wrong.
  4. DISSEMINATION
    1. The spelling must be correct.
  5. COUNTERACT
  6. UNCONNECTED
  7. MAKE SENSE OF
    1. You must have the preposition “of”- “to make sense of something”
    2. The meaning is “understand”.
    3. “analyse and present” is not a possible answer. The sentence cannot be “for us to analyse and present”. The words in the passage (analyse and present) refer to what investigative journalists do, not what we do.

Vocabulary Focus

The following adjectives are positive in meaning and are used to talk about news or news sources that you can trust:

  • trustworthy  /  reliable  /  dependable  /  verified  /  credible  /  real

The following adjectives are negative in meaning. They are used to talk about news or news sources that you cannot trust:

  • untrustworthy  /  unreliable  /  undependable  /  unverified  /  dubious  /  fake

These words can be used in both your speaking and writing tests. They are all topic relevant words when talking about news and media.

I hope you found this lesson useful.

All the best

Liz

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Reading Practice: News we can trust

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This lesson focuses on the topic of Media which is a common IELTS reading topic. The question type is sentence completion which basically means you fill in the gaps. This is the most common type of question in IELTS reading.

Whether the information in news is trustworthy or not is a common question and topic in IELTS Writing and IELTS Speaking Part 3. This reading lesson focuses on a passage about trusting news. You can use ideas and vocabulary from this reading passage in your Writing or Speaking Tests. However, let’s see how good your reading and paraphrasing skills are with sentence completion questions. Read the passage and then answer the questions below.

Passage: News We Can Trust

Climate change, worsening inequality between rich and poor, and social unrest in many parts of the world have left many people confused and distrustful of all those in a position of power. In this time of global upheavals and uncertainty, if we want to understand what is going on around us, an ability to distinguish between unreliable and trustworthy news sources is absolutely essential.

A recent study has shown that social media platforms have become by far the prevailing way for people to find news on the Internet. There are several issues associated with this. Firstly, social media users are continually bombarded with information, a lot of which may be from credible sources, but a lot actually coming from unverified or dubious ones. The conflicting messages that often emerge from this jumble of news stories only add to the feeling of confusion and mistrust. As a result, people usually end up choosing to believe the version of the facts that is most in tune with their own views. They then go on to share their favourite stories with their friends, most of whom will almost inevitably “like” them.

This in turn brings about the issue of the dissemination of misinformation or, at worst, fake news. To counteract these problems, what is needed more than ever before is independent, fact-based investigative journalism. Investigative reporters do not write stories to get a lot of clicks or likes. They work hard to unveil matters that people in a position of power try to conceal, or to reveal the links between events that seemed unconnected. They tirelessly search for evidence and aim to analyse and present all the relevant facts to the public with clarity and precision. In short, their work is to help us make sense of our world and our place in it.

Source: IELTS Liz Own. Some of the content of this passage was inspired by the following sources: https://en.unesco.org/investigative-journalism  and http://wayback.archiveit.org/10611/20160906193350/ and http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0019/001930/193078e.pdf

Questions 1 – 7: Complete the sentences using no more than three words from the passage above.

  1. Trustworthy news is more important than ever because the world is going through a period of _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ and unpredictability.
  2. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are the main source of news for most web users.
  3. People often tend to choose the version that most agrees with _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ when they are offered differing accounts of an event.
  4. Sharing unverified news stories with social media friends contributes to
    the _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ of false information.
  5. Objective investigative journalism can _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the spread of fake news.
  6. Investigative reporters try to bring to light the relationship between
    apparently _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ events.
  7. Through their work, investigative reporters try to make it easier for us
    to _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the world in which we live.

Answers

The answers to this lesson are now available:

CLICK HERE: ANSWERS TO THIS LESSON

All the best

Liz

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